🐬 Jurnal Teori Uses And Gratification Should you tell you have misled.

onthe standpoint of the uses and gratification theory. This research uses theories of uses and gratification. The theory of uses and gratification considers that mass media do not have the power to influence the audience, but the audience using mass media is certainly based on different needs. An explanatory quantitative approach is used in this study to explain a social phenomenon that can be measured.

Although Tik Tok gets negative sentiments, it is even the most popular application downloaded by the public. Tik Tok is considered to have a significant role in marketing, branding, and personal branding. Furthermore, Tik Tok can reduce stress during a pandemic significantly. This study aims to analyze the existence of Tik Tok, which initially received negative opinions, but in 2019 the popularity of Tik Tok beat Facebook and Instagram successfully. In addition, this study also aims to determine the community motives for using the Tik Tok application. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach by taking a sample of 100 Tik Tok application users in Semarang City, Central Java. The data analysis employs the uses and gratification theory and the motives for utilizing media by Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas theory. The study results show that the community’s dominant motive for using the Tik Tok application is integration, social interaction, and entertainment. Discover the world's research25+ million members160+ million publication billion citationsJoin for free KOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 2022 15Komunika Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi Vol. 16, No. 1, April 2022, 15-26ISSN 1978-1261 print; 2548-9496 onlineDOI Khairul Nuzuli 1*1 Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci, Kerinci, IndonesiaArticle InformationSubmitted April 29, 2021Revised August 16, 2021Accepted December 26, 2021Published April 01, 2022AbstractAlthough Tik Tok gets negative sentiments, it is even the most popular application downloaded- aims to analyze the existence of Tik Tok, which initially received negative opinions, but in 2019the popularity of Tik Tok beat Facebook and Instagram successfully. In addition, this study alsoaims to determine the community motives for using the Tik Tok application. This study uses a de-scriptive quantitative approach by taking a sample of 100 Tik Tok application users in Semarangutilizing media by Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas theory. The study results show that the community’sdominant motive for using the Tik Tok application is integration, social interaction, and CorrespondenceCopyright © 2022 Ahmad Kairul NuzuliIntroduction Tik Tok is a video-based social media that Zhang Yiming launched in September 2017. This application targets Generation Z and is currently growing significantly. Tik Tok has also penetrated the Indonesian market and quickly became a new idol. With various interesting and easy-to-use video effects, this application has many enthusiasts in Indonesia Oktaheriyani, 2020. As shown in Figure 1, the Tik Tok application is the most downloaded application based on research conducted by the beginning of its emergence, the public considered this application negatively. One of the cases experienced by Bowo Alpenliebe, alias Prabowo Mondardo. He was labeled as a child who behaved excessively until he finally decided to drop out of school because he was bullied because of his video on his Tik Tok account. In 2018 the government blocked the Tik Tok application because it was considered to have a bad impact, especially on the young generationBhaskara, 2019.Vionita Anjani's research reveals that some people negatively perceive the Tik Tok application. Bad perception emerges because Ahmad Khairul NuzuliKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 202216there is no age limit for Tik Tok users, so it is feared that it will negatively impact children Anjani, 2019.Apart from Anjani, Deby Pratama also stated that Tik Tok made teenagers ignore the social environment and were busy with their own activities, so the youth's social communication process was hampered Pratama, 2021. Furthermore, the indications of the negative impact of Tik Tok can be noticed from the research of Trie Damayanti and Ilham Gemiharto. They identified that Tik Tok also had more negative impacts on children, particularly mental and pornographic impacts Damayanti & Gemiharto, 2019.Figure 1 Most Downloaded Apps in 2021 Source Apptopia Although various studies indicate that Tik Tok harms society, Tik Tok has become one of the applications in great demand. This preference can be noticed in the number of consumers who download the Tik Tok application as shown in Figure 1. According to Apptopia research, more than 656 million people downloaded the Tik Tok application, which was the most downloaded in 2021. In Indonesia, even Tik Tok users have penetratedfamous artists such as Agnez Mo and DianSastrowardoyo. Artists and Indonesianofficials, such as Ganjar Pranowo, RidwanKamil, and Fadil Muzaki, also popularized theTik Tok application. Some examples of artistsand state officials who operate the Tik Tokapplication are shown in Figure 2 Official Tik Tok App UserTik Tok is also considered an effective promotional media and increasing marketing Mumtaz & Saino, 2021. The benefit of Tik Tok as a promotional medium also affects the curtain-raiser of products to the wider community, especially the Tik Tok ads feature, which helps in the optimal distribution of product advertisements Dewa & Safitri, 2021. Not exclusively as a marketing promotion media, the Tik Tok application correspondingly increases personal branding on social media Susilowati, 2018.Research by Kadek Ari Setia Utama Putra et al. revealed that Tik Tok helped the community reduce stress during the Covid-19 pandemic. This statement can be noticed in 64% of respondents who agree that Tik Tok helps reduce community stress, even though Tik Tok is not the singular item that drives stress reduction during the Covid-19 Pandemic Utama Putra et al., 2021.This study aims to reveal people's motives for using the Tik Tok application. This research was conducted to determine the shift in public perception about Tik Tok, which was initially considered dangerous but has become a practical application and widely Moves for Using Tik Tok in Uses and Gracaon Theory PerspecveKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 2022 17used by various question that will be answered in this research is what are the motives of the community in using the Tik Tok application? Thus, the output of this research can enrich the study of media theory and the practical use of social media in terms of marketing/products. Following the essence of descriptive research, this research aims to provide an overview of phenomena in presence of social media impacts the development of media theory. One of them is the uses and gratification theory which assumes that the audience actively determines the motives for consuming media. This activity is characterized by being active in choosing the frequency of media use, seeking information, entertainment, social relationships, and personal identity on social media Karman, 2014. The uses and gratification theory is also influenced by various conditions that can determine the motives of media users in consuming media, for example, social situation, interests, education, economy, and experience Karman, 2014The development of the uses and gratification theory affects a person's tendency to use the media. These tendencies are divided into three groups, specifically 1. Unifunctional flow. This flow only fulfills one need; 2. Bifunctional flow. In this context, the use of media for two types of needs; and 3. The flow of four functions uses the media for four types of needs Karman, 2014.Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas stated that the person's reason for using the media consists of 4 motives Eginli, 2018, particularly 1. Cognitive needs are related to the function of the media as a tool in obtaining information and increasing people's understanding; 2. Affective needs are related to the function of the media as a tool to meet the need to please feelings and emotions; 3. Personal integration needs related to the function of the media as a reinforcement of personal identity, individual status, and credibility and trust; 4. The need for social integration is related to the function of the media to keep it connected to the family, friendship, and work environment even though it is hindered by distance and time Prihatiningsih, 2017.Meanwhile, the theory of motives in the use of internet/new media, according to Papacharissi and Rubin, is divided into five motives 1. Utility motive relates to the main function of the internet. This motive stems from the hope of using the internet that has not been obtained before; 2. The passing-time motive. This motif is related to the internet function used to fill empty time; 3. The motive of seeking information is related to using the internet for the public to obtain information; 4. Convenience motive, related to the user's goal to vent emotions; 5. The entertainment motive is related to the user's goal to get entertainment when using the internet Hanifah, 2019.Studies on the public's motives for using social media have been carried out, including the following First, Sonia Rachmazein and Dewi K. Soedarsono's research entitled "Motives of Middle Ages in Using Facebook Social Media in Bandung City" in 2021. This study shows that the biggest reason for middle-aged people in Bandung is filling their spare time Passing Time, with of 100 respondents Rachmazein & Soedarsono, 2021. Ahmad Khairul NuzuliKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 202218Second, Witanti Prihatiningsih's research in 2017 entitled "Motives for the Use of Instagram Social Media Among Adolescents." This study found that adolescents' motives for using social media were due to the need for cognitive, affective, personal integration, social integration, and fantasizing Prihatiningsih, 2017. Third, Gifthera Dwilestari and Dini Salmiyah Fithrah Ali's research entitled "Motives for Using the Bigo Live Application Among Students of the Communication Studies Department at Telkom University" in 2019. This research reveals that the most consumer motives for accessing Bigo Live are information, interaction, and entertainment Dwilestari & Ali, 2019.MethodThe method in this research is descriptive quantitative research. Quantitative research is planned and systematic research from the beginning to the end of the study Sugiyono, 2018. Meanwhile, the descriptive approach relates to describing the circumstances or facts about an object accurately, factually, and systematically, according to the object and focus under study Nazir, 2011. The tool in this research is a survey. It aims to obtain information from several samples that represent the number of research samples in this study was 100 people. The number of samples was determined using the purposive sampling technique. According to Sugiyono 2019, purposive sampling is a sampling technique by going through data sources that have considered the criteria first. The choice of purposive sampling technique was due to the unknown number of Tik Tok users in the city of Semarang. In this study, the research sample must meet the following research sample criteria1. The people of Semarang City;2. Have the Tik Tok application on a smartphone; and3. Have created and uploaded a minimum of 5 videos using the Tik Tok study measures research results based on four dimensions of information motive according to Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas, as shown in Table 1, specifically 1. Information motive; 2. Personal integrity; 3. Social integrity motive; and 4. Entertainment following table is the operationali-zation of the indicator items used in this study. Each indicator is measured using a Likert scale. The Likert scale is often used to measure perceptions, opinions, or attitudes. This scale is grouped from very negative to very positive. Each indicator has 4 answer choices, precisely 1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 agree, and 4 strongly agree. Operationalization of research question items based on Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas Theory is presented in table 1 1. Operationalization Dimensions of Media Use Based on Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas TheoryNo Dimension Indicator1 Information MotiveDo you use Tik Tok to help you seek guidance or suggestion in practical matters, ask for opinions, and make choices?Do you use Tik Tok to help you satisfy your interests/hobbies or curiosity? Moves for Using Tik Tok in Uses and Gracaon Theory PerspecveKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 2022 19Validity and Reliability TestAccording to Sugiyono 2018, the validity test is the standardization used to estimate measuring instruments in research. A research instrument is valid if it follows the validity standard. On the other hand, the instrument is invalid if it is much lower than the standard of validity Arikunto, 1998. According to Ghozali 2011, the method to measure validity can be by examining the Cronbach alpha column test results on the correlated item-total correlation with the Statistical Product and Service Solution SPSS application version of 25. The results of the validity of the research items are presented in table 2 you use Tik Tok to help you in your education?Do you use Tik Tok to help you gain peace and tranquility after gaining knowledge?2 Personal Identity MotiveDo you use Tik Tok to help discover things that help you increase your personal values?Do you use Tik Tok to help discover behavioral models in everyday life?Do you use Tik Tok to help identify yourself with the values that exist in the media?Do you use Tik Tok to help increase your knowledge and understanding of yourself?Do you use Tik Tok to help you find things to help you represent your identity and image in front of the public?3 Integration and Social Interaction MotivesDo you use Tik Tok to help find out about other people's activities?Do you use Tik Tok to help find material or topics of conversation when interacting socially?Do you use Tik Tok to help carry out social roles?Do you use Tik Tok to help connect with family, friends, and the community?4 Entertainment MotiveDo you use Tik Tok to help you get out of your problems?Do you use Tik Tok to help you relax?Do you use Tik Tok to help achieve peace of mind and aesthetics?Do you use Tik Tok to help fill your spare time?Do you use Tik Tok to help conduct your emotions?Table 2. Validity Test ResultsNo Dimension Item Corrected Item-Total CorrelationDescription1 Information MotiveA1 ValidA2 ValidA3 ValidA4 Valid Ahmad Khairul NuzuliKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 202220According to Sugiyono 2018, the question item is valid if the correlated item-total correlation table has a value above the standard validity value, Therefore, all the question items in this study can be refers to the character of a reliable measuring instrument so that if it is used repeatedly, the identical research results with others will acquire similar results Rachmat, 201217. The reliability test technique uses Cronbach alpha values, as shown in Table 3. A variable is stated to be reliable if Cronbach alpha > using Ghozali, 2011. As seen in Table 3, it can be concluded that the measuring instrument used in this study is reliable. The results of the reliability test of research items are presented in Table 3 below2 Personal Identity MotiveB1 ValidB2 ValidB3 ValidB4 ValidB5 Valid3 Integration and Social Interaction MotivesC1 ValidC2 ValidC3 ValidC4 Valid4 Entertainment MotiveD1 ValidD2 ValidD3 ValidD4 ValidD5 ValidTable 3. Reliability Test ResultsCronbach’s Alpha Calculates of Reliable Standard ReliableInformation MotiveTable 4. Findings of Information MotivesNo Item QuestionsDistribution of Respondents' AnswersStrongly DisagreeDisagree Agree Strongly Agree1 Tik Tok helps to pursue guidance in practical matters, ask for opin-ions, and make 26 54 20 Moves for Using Tik Tok in Uses and Gracaon Theory PerspecveKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 2022 21Table 4 above shows that of the 100 respondents tested for the question about Tik Tok item to help find guidance in practical matters, asking for opinions, and making choices, Fifty-five respondents agreed, as seen in item question number 1. The Tik Tok item helped satisfy interests/hobbies or curiosity, Forty respondents agreed, and Thirty-five respondents strongly agreed. The Tik Tok item helps in terms of education, some Thirty-five respondents agree, and Thirty-four respondents strongly agree. The Tik Tok item helps to gain peace and tranquility after gaining knowledge. Thirty-four respondents agree, and Thirty-three respondents strongly agree. The respondents' answers to the questions on the information motive show that the respondents agree that using Tik Tok provides an information Tik Tok helps in satisfy-ing your interests/hob-bies or 25 40 353 Tik Tok helps in terms of 24 35 344 Tik Tok helps to gain peace and tranquility af-ter acquiring 25 34 33Personal Identity MotiveTable 5. Findings of Personal Identity MotiveNo Item QuestionsDistribution of Respondents' AnswersStrongly DisagreeDisagree Agree Strongly Agree1 Do you use Tik Tok to help discover things that help you increase your personal values?11 12 45 322-els of behaviour in daily 26 54 203 Tik Tok helps identify self-identity with the values in media 23 65 124 Tik Tok helps Increase personal knowledge and 22 40 385that help represent per-sonal identity and image in front of the 0 66 34 Ahmad Khairul NuzuliKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 202222As shown in Table 5, the results of the 100 respondents tested show that the statement about Tik Tok helps find specialties to increase personal values; 45 respondents agree, and 32 respondents strongly agree. 54 respondents agree that Tik Tok helps find models of behaviour in daily life. For the item about Tik Tok helps identify self-identity with the values in media content, 65 respondents agreed. Item about Tik Tok helps Increase personal knowledge and understanding there are 40 respondents agree, and 38 respondents strongly agree. As for the item for Tik Tok helps Increase personal knowledge and understanding in front of the public, 66 respondents agree, and 34 respondents strongly agree. The respondents' answers to the questions on personal identity motives indicate that the respondents agree that Tik Tok represents a personal and Social Interaction MotivesTable 6. Findings of Integration and Social Interaction MotivesNo Item QuestionsDistribution of Respondents' AnswersStrongly DisagreeDisagree Agree Strongly Agree1 Tik Tok helps in know-ing the condition of Tok helps in con-necting with family, friends and 12 68 202material or topics of conversation in social 10 76 143 Tik Tok helped in carry-ing out social 16 69 154 Tik Tok helps in con-necting with family, friends and 14 77 9 Table 6 shows the results of the 100 respondents who answered the statement that Tik Tok helps in knowing the condition of others; 68 respondents agreed. 76 respondents agree with the question about Tik Tok helping find material or topics of conversation in social interactions. For whether Tik Tok helped in carrying out social roles, 69 respondents agreed. As for the question about Tik Tok helping connect with family, friends and society, 77 respondents agree. The respondents' answers to the questions on the integration and social interaction motive show that the respondents approve that Tik Tok contains the integration and social interaction motive. Moves for Using Tik Tok in Uses and Gracaon Theory PerspecveKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 2022 23Entertainment MotiveTable 7. Findings of Entertainment MotiveNo Item QuestionsDistribution of Respondents' AnswersStrongly DisagreeDisagree Agree Strongly Agree1 Tik Tok helps in getting out of 2 76 222 Tik Tok helps in 4 67 293 Tik Tok helps to achieve peace of mind and 6 65 294 Tik Tok helps in con-ducting 9 73 18 As shown in Table 7, from as many as 100 respondents who answered statements about Tik Tok helping out with self-problems, 76 respondents agreed. Sixty-seven respondents agreed with the statement that Tik Tok helps in relaxing. For the question item about Tik Tok helping to achieve peace of mind and aesthetics, 65 respondents agreed. For the question item about Tik Tok helping in conducting emotions, 73 respondents agreed. The respondents' answers to the question items regarding entertainment motives show that respondents agree that one of the motives for using Tik Tok is entertainment shown in Tables 4 to 7, respondents generally responded positively to each statement. This positive response can be noticed from most answers at the level of agreeing and strongly agreeing. However, the study results show that Tik Tok has not been capable of helping find things that can increase personal on the four motives for using Tik Tok social media tested, specifically 1 Information motives; 2 personal identity; 3 social integration and interaction; 4 and entertainment, the majority of respondents agree with the four items of motive questions. The motive of integration and social interaction and the motive of entertainment became the dominant motive. These results show that the main motive of respondents in using Tik Tok social media is interaction motive and entertainment the item that acquired the most agreeable responses from all statement items was Tik Tok helping in dealing with family, friends, and the community, Tik Tok can be utilized as a medium to interact with society and the environment. Humans have a nature always to be linked with other people. Human relations can be direct or indirect. Directly employing face-to-face, indirect relationships use various media, including online media. The development of online media is increasingly pampering the community, so technology can become an addiction that makes people lose control. Excessive and thoughtless use of social media damages life. The uses and gratification theory, on the one hand, gives humans absolute freedom to choose what they Ahmad Khairul NuzuliKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 202224like, but on the other hand, it has a negative impact. Even Batoebara 2020 says that Tik Tok is seen as an application to channel stupidity. Society is becoming increasingly addicted and dependent on social media presence of social media today makes many choices for people to choose social media that suits their personal preferences. People quickly move from one social media application to social media application at a relatively fast tempo. This change in choice is also inseparable from the prevailing trend in a specific time and space uses and gratification theory says that the public is an active voter choosing media according to their personal preferences. Anyone except themselves can no longer control people. However, on the other hand, this seems to be a paradox. How can the community make their own choices while social media application providers store personal data, which at other times can be used to take unilateral advantage without the knowledge of the data owner?Facebook, which was previously loved by the public, especially young people, has now been abandoned and switched to Tik Tok. Facebook, which in its heyday provided many features, became the leading choice for socializing; now, it has been replaced by Tik Tok Tanta, 2014. The Tik Tok application provides advantages that Facebook does not provide; for example, it is a status update in a short video. Tik Tok is also the choice of today's society because it provides satisfaction gratification that other social media does not majority of respondents agree that there are four main motives for using Tik Tok social media 1. Information motive; 2. personal identity; 3 social integration and interaction; 4 entertainment. Meanwhile, the most dominant motives are integration motives and social interaction and entertainment study only focuses on these four motifs according to the motives for using media proposed by Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas. In further studies, it is necessary to examine the motives for using Tik Tok social media from other aspects of motives to enrich knowledge and research on issues that focus on the development of social V. 2019. Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Aplikasi Tik Tok Studi Deskriptif Kuantitatif Aplikasi Tik Tok di Kalangan Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Komunikasi FISIP USU Stambuk 2015 dan 2016 [Universitas Sumatera Utara]. I. L. A. 2019. TikTok Kuasai Dunia Ketika Alay Sama dengan Popularitas",. T., & Gemiharto, I. 2019. Kajian Dampak Negatif Aplikasi Berbagi Video Bagi Anak-Anak di Bawah Umur di Indonesia. Communication, 101, 1. Moves for Using Tik Tok in Uses and Gracaon Theory PerspecveKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 2022 25Dewa, C. B., & Safitri, L. 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Analisis Perilaku Komunikasi Pengguna Media Sosial Tiktok Studi Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UNISKA MAB Banjarmasin [Universitas Islam Kalimantan]. ARTIKEL DESY D. 2021. Komunikasi Sosial Remaja Pengguna Tik Tok di Kelurahan Kaliawi Kecamatan Tanjung Karang Pusat Bandar Lampung [UIN Raden Intan Lampung]. W. 2017. Motif Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram di Kalangan Remaja. Communication, 81, 51. S., & Soedarsono, D. K. 2021. Motif Lanjut Usia Menengah dalam Menggunakan Media Sosial Facebook di Kota Bandung. E-Proceeding of Management, 82, 1769–1777. 2018. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif,Kualitatif dan R&D. In ke-26. PT 2018. Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Tiktok Sebagai Personal Branding Di Instagram Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif  Jurnal Ahmad Khairul NuzuliKOMUNIKA Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi −Vol 16, No. 1 202226Komunikasi BSI, 92, 176–185. Putra, K. A. S., Permana, G. W., Sephiani, P. Y., & Sutriyanti, N. K. 2021. Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Aplikasi TikTok Sebagai Media Menurunkan Tingkat Stres di Era Pandemi Covid-19. Widya Duta Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Agama Dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya, 161, 67.    Uses and gratification theory–why adolescents use Facebook?. Medijska istraživanja znanstveno-stručni časopis za novinarstvo i medije, 202, A. T., & Tas, N. O. 2018. Interpersonal communication in social networking sites An investigation in the framework of uses and gratification theory. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 82, M. U. 2020. Aplikasi tik-tok seru-seruan atau kebodohan. Network Media, 32, 59-65. ... Therefore, various social media platforms more tailored for video streaming are put into comparison, such as YouTube, Tik Tok, Facebook, and Instagram are compared. Numerous content creators on YouTube have expressed concerns for users of Tik Tok surrounding the constant urge of scrolling through short videos, suggesting that it is a trend that needs to be addressed [3]. According to Nuzuli 2022, in the past, the occurrences of cyberbullying and other adversarial effects on young audience on Tik Tok have led to the platform being banned by the government in Indonesia, and it is likely that similar or even more severe shortcomings occur on other servers as well. ...Lingxin KongWith the rising concern of Tik Tok videos propagating misinformation to younger viewers, research on the adversary effects of the platform of Tik Tok has been few and far between. This research applies a simplistic approach of gathering and observing numbers related to 60 content creators on YouTube and Tik Tok 30 on each platform for the comparative analysis. The analysis is largely built upon the average video length of each creator’s most recent 50 videos and the frequency of numbers of lines of each top comment. The correlation between the two is found relatively weak within one platform. However, videos on YouTube have significant lengthier top comments than those on Tik Tok most of the time, which suggests a higher level of thinking and commitment on the former in general. The two factors along with different features on the two platforms that are tailored towards different types of audiences contribute to the levels of discussion and the ways users treat information and misinformation. Implications and recommendations in regard to Tik Tok’s environment are further Ari Setia Utama PutraGede Wisnu PermanaPutu Yuna Sephiani Ni Komang SutriyantiSocial media is a medium for socializing and communicating with each other and is done online which is not regulated by space and time. Social media can be used as a medium to communicate privately and even in groups, share files, videos, music, and so on. Social media which is busy being used to reduce stress in the current pandemic era, one of which is the TikTok application. TikTok is a social media and music video platform from China. This application was first released in September 2016. The purpose of this research is to see the perception of the TikTok application as a medium to reduce stress levels in the Covid-19 pandemic era. Method of collecting data used included interviews, questionnaire questionnaires, documentation, and observation. The data obtained were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The research results are as follows 64% of people say TikTok is a medium for reducing stress. The public accepts and rejects TikTok as the right medium to reduce stress in the Covid-19 pandemic era for various reasons given. From these results it can be ignored that the TikTok application influences TikTok users, both positive and negative. This has led to various responses from the public regarding the TikTok to a dynamic development of the Web and new trends in the social media field that change on a daily basis, contemporary media research is shifting its focus to a greater extent on media users, their motivation and behavior in using social network sites in order to explain the extreme popularity of Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp and other similar SNSs and mobile chat applications among the young. In this paper we wanted to explore the benefits of Facebook use among adolescents as well as which of their needs are gratified thereat. As the theoretical background we used the uses and gratification theory due to its user oriented approach. Furthermore, we wanted to test whether the uses and gratification concept is adequate for analyzing the motivation and behavior of SNSs users as suggested by some previous research. The survey comprising 431 adolescent Facebook users was conducted from October to December 2013 in the City of Zagreb. The results have shown that most adolescents use Facebook for socializing and communicating with their friends, discussing school activities, setting up meetings and dates with friends as well as obtaining information about social events. The use of Facebook primarily gratifies adolescents' need for integration, social interaction, information and understanding of their social environment. The uses and gratification theory proved thereby to be an adequate background for the analysis of the Kuasai Dunia Ketika Alay Sama dengan PopularitasI L A BhaskaraBhaskara, I. L. A. 2019. TikTok Kuasai Dunia Ketika Alay Sama dengan Popularitas",.Motif penggunaan media studi deskriptif kualitatif tentang motif penggunaan akun instagram gosip Oleh follower di kalangan mahasiswa Universitas Sebelas MaretS N HanifahHanifah, S. N. 2019. Motif penggunaan media studi deskriptif kualitatif tentang motif penggunaan akun instagram gosip Oleh follower di kalangan mahasiswa Universitas Sebelas Maret [Universitas Sebelas Maret]. a c. i d / d o k u m e n / d e t a i l / 7 4 5 3 7 / M o t i f -p e n g g u n a a n -m e d i a -s t u d ideskriptif-kualitatif-tentang-motifpenggunaan-akun-instagram-gosip-Oleh-follower-di-kalangan-mahasiswa-Universitas-Sebelas-MaretPengaruh penggunaan aplikasi tik tok sebagai media promosi dan trend glow up terhadap minat beli produk kecantikanZ S MumtazSainoMumtaz, Z. S., & Saino. 2021. Pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi tik tok sebagai media promosi dan trend glow up terhadap minat beli produk kecantikan. Journal Manajemen, 132, 282-291. org/

SURVEIPENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA KOTA PADANG MENGGUNAKAN TEORI USES AND GRATIFICATIONS. This research utilized theory uses and gratifications for discussing students' behavior in taking advantages of social media. Student Motives for Watching Soap Operas. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 31 (3): 309-21

A Teoria dos Usos e Gratificações, também conhecida como Teoria dos Usos e Necessidades ou ainda Teoria dos Usos e Satisfações, criada por Blumler e Katz inicialmente nos anos 40 e revigorada nas décadas de 70 e 80, apresenta uma concepção sobre as atividades da audiência em contesto ao que as “audiências fazem com as mensagens da mídia em lugar de perguntar o que a mídia faz com suas audiências” BLUMLER E KATZ, 1974; ROSENGREN et al. 1985. Em outras palavras, “ao invés de perguntar o que os meios fazem com as pessoas, a preocupação está em saber o que as pessoas fazem dos meios” MENEZES, 2014 Tal corrente de estudo visa entender o que as pessoas fazem com a mídia a partir de uma abordagem onde os seus usuários são tidos como indivíduos autônomos, livres e racionais em suas escolhas, que dispõem do conteúdo dos meios de comunicação como fonte para suprirem suas carências psicossociais.

Pendekatanteori uses and gratifications lebih mengarah kepada perhatian penggunaan (uses) isi media untuk mendapatkan pemuasan ( gratification) terhadap kebutuhan seseorang, yang mana dalam teori ini khalayak yang aktif, secara sengaja menggunakan media untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya.

Widiastuti, T., Suharyanti, D. Kania, D. M. Putri 2011. Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Diskrepansi Kepuasan Pembaca. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Terakreditasi 9 2, 193-206Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Diskrepansi Kepuasan Pembaca

TeoriUses and Gratification membahas tentang pengaruh media terhadap manusia. Ini menjelaskan tentang bagaimana orang menggunakan media untuk kebutuhan mereka sendiri dan merasa puas ketika kebutuhan mereka terpenuhi. Sebuah studi awal yang diterbitkan dalam jurnal CyberPsychology & Behavior tentang uses and gratification internet This is a preview. Log in through your library. Preview Journal Information Since 1937, The Public Opinion Quarterly has been the leading interdisciplinary journal for practitioners and academicians studying the development and role of communication research, current public opinion, as well as the theories and methods underlying opinion research. Such methods include survey validity, questionnaire construction, interviewing and interviewers, sampling strategy, mode of administration, and analytic approaches. Each issue presents theoretical advances, along with tested applications throughout the social and behavioral sciences. Publisher Information Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. OUP is the world's largest university press with the widest global presence. It currently publishes more than 6,000 new publications a year, has offices in around fifty countries, and employs more than 5,500 people worldwide. It has become familiar to millions through a diverse publishing program that includes scholarly works in all academic disciplines, bibles, music, school and college textbooks, business books, dictionaries and reference books, and academic journals. Permasalahanutama dalam teori uses and gratification bukanlah bagaimana media mengubah sikap dan perilaku khalayak, tetapi bagaimana media memenuhi kebutuhan pribadi dan sosial khalayaknya. Jadi bobotnya adalah pada khalayak yang aktif, yang sengaja menggunakan media untuk mencapai tujuan khusus (Effendy,2003: 289-290).

Considerada como um desdobramento da Teoria Funcionalista, a Hipótese do Uso e das Gratificações afirma que a adoção de um modelo de conduta ou de ação por um indivíduo é resultante de alguma gratificação, que pode ser o alívio das tensões, dicas culinárias, financeiras ou de moda, entre outros. O estudo sobre o Uso e as Gratificações tem como objetivo o tipo de consumo que o público faz das comunicações de massa. E, para entender a comunicação de massa, é essencial a compreensão do quadro social em que essa comunicação está efetivamente inserida. Ou seja, nesses estudos, as necessidades dos destinatários são consideradas com uma das variáveis que delimitam os efeitos da comunicação. A Teoria dos Usos e Gratificações baseia-se em três princípios norteadoresO receptor é ativo e busca os meios de comunicação e os conteúdos que melhor atendam às suas necessidades e desejos;Os motivos que levam à escolha de meios e conteúdos estão sujeitos a inúmeras influências psicológicas, ambientais, conjunturais e sociais;A exposição aos meios compete outras formas potencialmente capazes de satisfazer gratificar aos mesmos indivíduo poderá escolher expor-se aos meios ou procurar formas de gratificação não relacionadas aos meios de comunicação. Da mesma forma, a exposição aos meios é um ato intencional, não casual. O elemento fundamental da hipótese dos “usos e gratificações” é fundir o consumo, o uso e os efeitos da mídia com as características estruturais que precisam os destinatários. Nisso foram determinadas cinco classes de necessidades que os meios de comunicação de massa satisfazemNecessidades Cognitivas reforço dos conhecimentos e compreensãoNecessidades Afetivo-estéticas emocionalNecessidades integrativas no âmbito da personalidade estabilidade emocional, segurança, aumento da credibilidade e statusNecessidades de integração em nível social contatos interpessoais, amigos, família, etc.Necessidade de evasão tensões e conflitos

WACANA Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi. Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi , Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) Kampus I, Jl. Hang Lekir I/8 Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia 10270. WA: 085714422271 (Chat Only) email: wacana@dsn.moestopo.ac.id. ^{, R. J. 2017. Metode Penelitian Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Ardial, 2. 2017. Analisa Teori uses and gratifications terhadap media internet pada dosen PTS dan PTN Kota Medan. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Ardianto, E. L. 2017. Komunikasi Massa. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Baran & Dennis 2. 2017. Teori Komunikasi Massa Dasar Pergolakan dan Masa Depan. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Bungin, B. 2. 2017. Sosiologi Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Denis Mc Quil, 2. 2017. Teori Komunikasi Massa. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Effendy, O. U. 2017. Ilmu Komunikasi , Teori dan Praktek. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Effendy, O. U. 2017. Ilmu Komunikasi, Teori dan Praktek. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Effendy, O. U. 2017. Ilmu, Teori dan Filsafat Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Gaffar, M. F. 2017. Manajemen Corporate dan Strategi Pemasaran Jasa Pendidikan. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Iqbal Hasan, 2. 2017. Pokok - Pokok Materi Metode Penelitian dan Aplikasinya. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Jurnal Perpustakaan Pertanian Vo. 14 Tahun 2005. 2017. Pemenuhan Kepuasan Internet Oleh Peneliti Litbang Pertanian Bogor. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Kriyantono Rachmat, 2. 2017. Teknik Praktis, Riset Komunikasi . InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Kriyantono Rachmat, 2. 2017. Teknik Praktis Riset Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Kriyantono, R. 2. 2017. Teknik Praktis Riset Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Kriyantono, R. 2. 2017. Teknik Praktis Riset Komunikasi . InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Littlejohn, W. &. 2017. Teori Komunikasi terjemahan Salemba Humanika. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Morisson, A. C. 2017. Teori Komunikasi Massa. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Notohadiprawiro, T. 2. 2017. Metode Penelitian dan Penulisan Ilmiah. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Nurudin. 2017. Komunikasi Massa. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Rakhmat, J. 2. 2017. Metode Penelitian Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Sahfitri, V. 2. 2017. Analisa Faktor Penggunaan Internet Terhadap Motivasi dan Peningkatan Akademik mahasiswa Teknik Komputer. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Sandjaja, S. D. 2017. Teori Komunikasi. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Severin, W. J. 2017. Teori Komunikasi Sejarah, Metode dan Terapan di Dalam Media Massa. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Severin, W. J. 2017. Teori Komunikasi Massa. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Singarimbun, M. &. 2017. Metode Penelitian Survey, Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Penerangan Ekonomi dan Sosial. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Wijaya, B. T. 2017. Paradigma Baru Pemasaran Bisnis Jasa dan Lifestyle. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Wijaya, D. 2. 2017. Pemasaran Jasa Pendidikan. InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi. Wiryanto, 2. 2017. Pengantar Ilmu Komunikasi . InterKomunika, Stikom InterStudi.} Theuses & gratification theory which assumes the audience as an active group explains that there are several types of audience activity in consuming media, namely usability, intentionality, Manusia adalah makhluk berpikir, kreatif dan aktif, dapat berkehendak dan memilih sendiri apa yang diinginkannya. Dari memilih teman, pasangan hidup, makanan, cara berpakaian, termasuk media yang akan dikonsumsinya. Media merupakan salah satu kebutuhan manusia untuk mengetahui berbagai informasi yang dibutuhkannya, baik itu hiburan, berita, dan lain sebagainya. Seseorang mempunyai hak untuk memilih sendiri media apa yang akan dipergunakannya sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Selain itu, dalam memilih media biasanya seseorang akan melihat dari segi manfaat bagi dirinya dan sejauh mana media itu dapat memenuhi kebutuhannya. gh3jm5.

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jurnal teori uses and gratification